Analisa Rugi-Rugi Serat Optik Menggunakan Optical TIME Domain Reflectometer dengan Aplikasi AQ7932

Optical fiber media have more reliability for optical fiber capable of delivering the data with a large capacity. Besides speed fiber optic data transfer media may reach 200.000 Mbps (200 Gbs), optical fiber communication systems inseparable from the influence of losses that affect the performance of optical fiber. Losses basically can be affect the Performance of an optical fiber communication system, but the size of the influence losses can be seen by conducting measurements performed that using Yokogawa OTDR AQ 7275 and compared with the results of standardized calculation using the power link budget calculation method. Based on the results of the comparison between the results of measurements and calculations it can be seen the performance of optical fibers. It can be done by performing measurements and calculations in the Pontianak-Sungai Raya link and link-GI GCC. Thus obtained cores with a value of large losses on the link GCC-GI located in the core 9 which has the value 31.261 dB losses which are at a distance 6.4957 km. Losses occurred due to losses macrobending so necessary improvement measures to establish the connection (splicing). Loss of value of measurement results and calculations of optical fiber communication systems from Pontianak-Sungai Raya link and link-GI GCC in PT.Telkom still in good shape and had a good Performance of the average, based on the measurement values are still below the value calculation

Analisa Rugi-Rugi Serat Optik Menggunakan Optical TIME Domain Reflectometer dengan Aplikasi AQ77932 Emulation

Optical fiber media have more reliability for optical fiber capable of delivering the data with a large capacity. Besides speed fiber optic data transfer media may reach 200.000 Mbps (200 Gbs), optical fiber communication systems inseparable from the influence of losses that affect the performance of optical fiber. Losses basically can be affect the Performance of an optical fiber communication system, but the size of the influence losses can be seen by conducting measurements performed that using Yokogawa OTDR AQ 7275 and compared with the results of standardized calculation using the power link budget calculation method. Based on the results of the comparison between the results of measurements and calculations it can be seen the performance of optical fibers. It can be done by performing measurements and calculations in the Pontianak-Sungai Raya link and link-GI GCC. Thus obtained cores with a value of large losses on the link GCC-GI located in the core 9 which has the value 31.261 dB losses which are at a distance 6.4957 km. Losses occurred due to losses macrobending so necessary improvement measures to establish the connection (splicing). Loss of value of measurement results and calculations of optical fiber communication systems from Pontianak-Sungai Raya link and link-GI GCC in PT.Telkom still in good shape and had a good Performance of the average, based on the measurement values are still below the value calculation

Dynamics of abelian subgroups of GL(n, C): a structure's Theorem

In this paper, we characterize the dynamic of every abelian subgroups $\mathcal{G}$ of GL($n$, $\mathbb{K}$), $\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{R}$ or $\mathbb{C}$. We show that there exists a $\mathcal{G}$-invariant, dense open set $U$ in $\mathbb{K}^{n}$ saturated by minimal orbits with $\mathbb{K}^{n}- U$ a union of at most $n$ $\mathcal{G}$-invariant vectorial subspaces of $\mathbb{K}^{n}$ of dimension $n-1$ or $n-2$ on $\mathbb{K}$. As a consequence, $\mathcal{G}$ has height at most $n$ and in particular it admits a minimal set in $\mathbb{K}^{n}-\{0\}$.Comment: 16 page

Modern Articulations of Gender Parity: the ‘New Woman’ Debate in the British Victorian Era and the Modern Muslim World

Within the ‘New Woman’ debates within the Victorian era in Britain and the modern Muslim world (the areas of the former Ottoman Empire), one can witness a powerful feminist consciousness and astounding consistencies in the quest for gender equality, despite the difference in religious traditions, contexts, and contingencies. The debates attest to a consistency in feminist goals and challenges across time and space. The challenges include: intimate and long-standing linkages between scriptural traditions and the social order; interpretative legacies on women and their ‘nature’ that solidified cultural understandings of gender; and the relationship of these legacies to structures of power, namely patriarchy, resulting in limitations placed on women and their access to modernity. In response, women sought the undoing of regressive, patriarchal notions of gender and gender roles that suppress women in culture and law and sought more favorable religious and political expressions in support of women’s progress in their respective societies. More specifically, in the Muslim world, women of all classes began articulating a feminist consciousness in explicit ways from the nineteenth century onward. In the mid-nineteenth century, the writings of Zainab al-Fawwaz (1860-1914), Hind Nawfal (1860-1920), and ‘Afifa Karam (1883-1924) re-articulated understandings of women’s nature, deconstructing linkages between nature and moralities. By the late nineteenth to early twentieth century, women like Malak Hifni Nasif (1886-1918), Nabawiyyah Musa (1886-1951), and Huda Sha’rawi (1879-1947) tackled fixed socio-cultural notions, hierarchies, and gender-specific practice and participation, opening up avenues for women’s education, public participation, and social and political activism. In an attempt to undo patriarchal notions that suppress women in culture and law, they argued for equal religious participation and legal rights, and an expansion of roles of women beyond the bounds of domesticity. Towards the mid-to-late twentieth century, women such as Nezihe Muhiddin (1898-1958) and ‘Aisha Abd Al-Rahman (1913-1998) voiced political and religious ideas in support of women’s progress. Women in the Muslim world, in similarity to their European counterparts, broadened frontiers and constructed new sensibilities and inclusive modernities with their writing

Exchange energy and generalized polarization in the presence of spin-orbit coupling in two dimensions

We discuss a general form of the exchange energy for a homogeneous system of interacting electrons in two spatial dimensions which is particularly suited in the presence of a generic spin-orbit interaction. The theory is best formulated in terms of a generalized fractional electronic polarization. Remarkably we find that a net generalized polarization does not necessarily translate into an increase in the magnitude of the exchange energy, a fact that in turn favors unpolarized states. Our results account qualitatively for the findings of recent experimental investigations

Knowledge and attitude of dentists toward implant retained restorations in Saudi Arabia

Objectives: The aim was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of specialists (SP) and general dental practitioners (GDP) toward cement‑retained restoration (CRR), screw‑retained restoration (SRR) and implant restorations in Saudi Arabia.Materials and Methods: Self‑designed‑structured questionnaires were distributed between SP and GDP by hand and through E‑mails. Opinion of dentists regarding factors vital in selection of CRR and SRR was enquired. Factors included esthetics, retrievability, retention, passive fit, fracture resistance, tissue health, cost‑effectiveness, fabrication ease, and required expertise. Participants also graded significance of treatment‑planning factors for implant‑retained prosthesis. Analysis of comparative response frequencies and significance grades was done using the Chi‑square and independent t‑test.Results: Of 552 respondents, 64% were SP and 36% were GDP with overall response rate of 67%. About 75% of SP and 80% of GDP used SRR in <50% and <25% of their implant practice respectively. The opinion of GDP and SP was significantly different with regards to esthetics, fabrication ease, retrievability, retention and cost‑effectiveness between CRR and SRR (P < 0.05). Overall, CRR were considered better in terms of esthetics, passive fit, fabrication ease, required expertise and fracture resistance. However, SRR were regarded as having better retention, retrievability, soft tissue health and cost‑effectiveness. The average significance scores were significantly higher for SP as compared to GDP for six out of nine factors.Conclusions: Knowledge of SP and GDP for selection of implant‑retained restorations was broadly in line with standard evidence. The clinical use of CRR was greater in comparison to SRR.Key words: Cement‑retained, implants retained restorations, knowledge, screw‑retaine

LINEAR FEATURES IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY

Traditional photogrammetric activities such as orientation, triangulation, and object space reconstruction have been relying on distinct points in their underlying operations. With the evolution of digital photogrammetry, there has been a tremendous interest in utilizing linear features in various photogrammetric activities. This interest has been motivated by the fact that the extraction of linear features from the image space is easier to automate than distinct points. On the other hand, object space linear features can be directly derived form terrestrial Mobile Mapping Systems (MMS), GIS databases, and/or existing maps. Moreover, automatic matching of linear features, either within overlapping images or between image and object space, is easier than that of distinct points. Finally, linear features possess more semantic information than distinct points since they most probably correspond to object boundaries. Such semantics can be automatically identified in imagery to facilitate higher-level tasks (e.g., surface reconstruction and object recognition). This paper summarizes the use of linear features, which might be represented by analytical functions (e.g., straight-line segments) or irregular (freeform) shapes, in photogrammetric activities such as automatic space resection, photogrammetric triangulation, camera calibration, image matching, surface reconstruction, image-to-image registration, and absolute orientation. Current progress, future expectations, and possible research directions are discussed as well

Conceptual model of effect and form of architecture and structures

In addition to having the most stability, the first task that every building has to do is having the economic factor, which is one of the concerns of the builders. One of the tools for the advent of architectural form is the structure. This is despite the fact that the limitless artistic thinking has very little unity with numerical and enclosed numerical thinking in the framework of structural engineering math. The date of the interaction between the architecture and the structure implies that the industrial revolution and the consequences are considered as a major event contributed to the further disruption of the relationship between architecture and structural engineering. In many studies, the form of architecture, structure, and nature have been distinctly examined, but in the present study, it was tried to link these two relatives, structures and architectures from the form in nature using technology. First, the evolution of structural and architectural harmony in different historical periods was studied. Then, we focused on natural patterns such as human, plant, and animal structures and finally, works by the Spanish architect, Gullart, was analyzed as an external case study. Regarding the above, this study has achieved a model and a strategy to enhance the quality of construction and interaction of structure and architecture using the structural structure in the existing forms in nature.Keywords: Architecture, Structures, Nature, Architectural and Structural Interactio